中国上市 ITO 企业经营效率评价及影响因素分析

运用基于规模报酬可变的投入导向的超效率DEA模型,对在沪深两市上市的具有代表性的30家中国ITO企业的经营效率进行实证研究,结果表明中国上市ITO公司整体运营效率不高,且各企业之间存在显著差异性。为分析企业规模、员工素质、研发投入等因素对中国上市ITO企业效率的影响,采用Tobit模型发现企业规模、员工素质、政府支持等因素对企业运营效率有着积极地影响,而研发投入对企业运营效率的影响并不显著。     

Testing Hypotheses in Nonparametric Models of Production

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and free disposal hull (FDH) estimators are widely used to estimate efficiency of production. Practitioners use DEA estimators far more frequently than FDH estimators, implicitly assuming that production sets are convex. Moreover, use of the constant returns to scale (CRS) version of the DEA estimator requires an assumption of CRS. Although bootstrap methods have been developed for making inference about the efficiencies of individual units, until now no methods exist for making consistent inference about differences in mean efficiency across groups of producers or for testing hypotheses about model structure such as returns to scale or convexity of the production set. We use central limit theorem results from our previous work to develop additional theoretical results permitting consistent tests of model structure and provide Monte Carlo evidence on the performance of the tests in terms of size and power. In addition, the variable returns to scale version of the DEA estimator is proved to attain the faster convergence rate of the CRS-DEA estimator under CRS. Using a sample of U.S. commercial banks, we test and reject convexity of the production set, calling into question results from numerous banking studies that have imposed convexity assumptions. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

Efficiency in the generation of social welfare in Mexico: A proposal in the presence of bad outputs

One of the main goals of any country is to secure the general welfare of society, entailing positive levels of education, health and income, coupled with low levels of social inequality. The following paper studies the efficient use of economic and social resources to generate social welfare in the presence of bad outputs in the states of Mexico during 2010. A two-level data envelopment analysis model was used to determine how efficient the 32 states of the Mexican Republic were, considering as model variables the socioeconomic indicators of the three dimensions of human development (education, health and income), and the data on poverty or inequity in the country. The analysis of the results reveals that only 5 of the 32 units studied were efficient in generating welfare and in reducing poverty, while the rest need to increase their welfare levels and especially reduce inequity in education and income using the economic and social resources they possess.     

基于DEA模型的动漫产业竞争力分析

本文概述了产业竞争力的基本内涵以及波特的钻石模型,基于SWOT对杭州动漫产业竞争力进行了详细的定性分析,并运用DEA模型对动漫产业竞争力进行了相应的评价,从多个角度为杭州动漫产业竞争力的提升提出了对策建议。     

A study of DEA models without explicit inputs

In performance evaluations, data without explicit inputs (such as index data, pure output data) are widely used. To directly use such data, this paper presents a study on building DEA models without explicit inputs, so-called DEA-WEI models, which are applicable to the evaluation applications where inputs are not directly considered. We provide an axiom foundation of these kinds of models, and further discuss how to incorporate value judgments of decision makers into these DEA-WEI models. Several such models are derived. Finally, applications of the DEA-WEI models are presented.     

Incorporating quality into data envelopment analysis of nursing home performance: A case study

When using data envelopment analysis (DEA) as a benchmarking technique for nursing homes, it is essential to include measures of the quality of care. We survey applications where quality has been incorporated into DEA models and consider the concerns that arise when the results show that quality measures have been effectively ignored. Three modeling techniques are identified that address these concerns. Each of these techniques requires some input from management as to the proper emphasis to be placed on the quality aspect of performance. We report the results of a case study in which we apply these techniques to a DEA model of nursing home performance. We examine in depth not only the resulting efficiency scores, but also the benchmark sets and the weights given to the input and output measures. We find that two of the techniques are effective in insuring that DEA results discriminate between high and low quality performance.     

2005-2007我国省际能源效率研究 ——基于DEA方法非意愿变量CRS模型的测度

 本文使用DEA方法测度了2005-2007年我国各省能源效率。通过在CRS模型中限定资本和劳动力为非意愿变量，发现效率提高了三年间能源技术效率平均提高4.32%，但各省之间的差异没有明显缩小迹象。比较全要素技术效率与能源技术效率得分还可以发现，能源效率低于劳动力和资本效率。进一步利用Malmquist生产指数的测算结果表明，技术进步是目前生产效率提高的主要因素，而且多数省份的技术进步还是倾向于劳动力和资本。     

A slacks-based inefficiency measure for a two-stage system with bad outputs

We model the performance of DMUs (decision-making units) using a two-stage network model. In the first stage of production DMUs use inputs to produce an intermediate output that becomes an input to a second stage where final outputs are produced. Previous black box DEA models allowed for non-radial scaling of outputs and inputs and accounted for slacks in the constraints that define the technology. We extend these models and build a performance measure that accounts for a network structure of production. We use our method to estimate the performance of Japanese banks, which use labor, physical capital, and financial equity capital in a first stage to produce an intermediate output of deposits. In the second stage, those deposits become an input in the production of loans and securities investments. The network estimates reveal greater bank inefficiency than do the estimates that treat the bank production process as a black box with all production taking place in a single stage.     

Axial solutions for multiple objective linear problems. An application to target setting in DEA models with preferences

In this paper we introduce the class of axial solutions for multiple objective optimization problems in contexts in which partial information on preference weights is available. These solutions combine the use of an improvement axis to direct the search of the most preferred result with the concept of efficiency with respect to preference information.     

基于DEA和灰色关联方法的城市人口、经济与交通协调的评价

文章运用DEA的方法,基于投入—产出原理,建立评价的指标体系;用改进的C2R模型,分析1996~2007年淮安中心城市人口、经济与交通的协调状况,从中选出协调最好状况的年份,用灰色关联分析法动态考察淮安市1996~2007年中心城市人口、经济与交通发展灰色关联度动态情况。所得出的结果完全符合实际情况。